MAX returns the maximum value.
Warning! Null values are ignored!
Example
CREATE TABLE #LocalTempTable(
ID int,Name varchar(50),
Salary int,
DeptId int)
insert into #LocalTempTable(Id, Name, Salary, DeptId) values (1,'p1',100,1), (2,'p2',200,1) , (2,'p3', null,2) , (2,'p4', 50,2)
select * from #LocalTempTable
select MAX(Salary) Max_Salary_In_Company from #LocalTempTable
select MAX(Salary) Max_Salary_By_Dept, DeptId from #LocalTempTable group by DeptId
drop table #LocalTempTable